Biology 2

Fall 2000

1. Which of the following is one of the three primary embryonic tissues?

A) Placoderm

B) Phytoderm

C) Echinoderm

D) Mesoderm

E) None of the above

2. Which of the following is not secreted by an endocrine gland?

A) Insulin
B) Testosterone
C) Epinephrine
D) Ear wax
E) None of the above

3. Which of the following proteins is an abundant component of connective tissue?

A) Actin
B) Collagen
C) Cholesterol
D) Hemoglobin
E) Insulin

4. Which of the following is true of steroid hormones as a group

A) They act locally
B) They are water soluble
C) They are not all derived from the same general chemical structure
D) They bind to receptors on the surface of cells
E) None of the above

5. What is a common intracellular signaling molecule that is produced when an extracellular signal binds to a receptor?

A) ATP
B) cyclic AMP
C) Glucose
D) Insulin
E) None of the above

6. Excessive production of which hormone early in life can lead to gigantism?

A) Prolactin
B) Insulin
C) Glucagon
D) Somatotropin
E) Epinephrine

7. Which endrocrine galnd is responsible for the production of Glucagon?

A) The anterior pituitary
B) The pancreas
C) The posterior pituitary
D) The thyroid
E) None of the above

8. Which of the following statements is true regarding the structure and function of the epidermis?

A) It is primarily made up of dead cells
B) It is rich in the protein keratin
C) It prevents the loss of water from the body
D) It is constantly being replaced
E) All of the above

9. The ribs are components of

A) The axial skeleton
B) The appendicular skeleton
C) The accessory skeleton
D) The primary skeleton
E) None of the above

10. Interstitial fluid refers to the fluid

A) Inside cells.

B) Portion of the blood.

C) Between cells and tissues.

D) All of the above

11. What type of junctions help animal cells communicate by promoting the rapid transfer of ions

and small molecules between them?

A) Tight junctions

B) Adhering junctions

C) Plasmodesmata

D) Gap junctions

12. Which of the following is secreted by an exocrine gland?

A) Glucagon

B) Growth Hormone

C) Insulin

D) Saliva

E) None of the Above

13. Which of the following proteins are important for regulating the contraction of skeletal muscle?

A) Keratin
B) Collagen
C) Troponin
D) Desmin
E) Breverin

14. What provides the energy for skeletal muscle contraction?

A) Energy is released by "spring like" proteins

B) ATP is converted into mechanical energy

C) Electrical charges provide energy

D) Changes in pH are utilized

E) None of the above

15. Approximately how many bones are there in the human body?

A) ~1000

B) ~500

C) ~200

D) ~ 50

E) None of the above

16. What vitamin is produced in the skin of mammals?

A) Vitamin D

B) Vitamin B12

C) Vitamin E

D) Vitamin C

E) None of the above

17. As you know feedback mechanisms require three essential components:

1) A Receptor, 2) An Integrator, and 3) An Effector.

What is the role of the integrator in this process?

A) It senses environmental changes

B) It generates the response

C) It determines the correct response based on the conditions

D) It is the target of feedback

E) None of the above

18. What role doe creatine phosphate play in skeletal muscle contraction?

A) It provides energy during brief periods of contraction

B) It acts as an acceptor for "used" phosphate during contraction

C) It buffers the pH of the muscle cell

D) It is part of the signaling system that triggers contraction

E) None of the above

19. What process allows a muscle cell to relax following a contraction?

A) Calcium ions are removed from the cytosol

B) ATP is depleted

C) Electrical activity at the plasma membrane ceases

D) Creatine phosphate is generated

E) None of the above

20. What is the function of the Haversian system found in bones?

A) It contains the cells involved in blood cell formation

B) It is the outer covering of the bone tissue

C) It is the mineral storage system

D) It is a system of canals carrying blood vessels and nerves