• military issues for western Virginia

• the secession crisis in the northwest

• the struggle for loyalty in western Virginia

• economy and culture during the Civil War and after

• posinstability, the Republican responsetwar

• the politics of Reconstruction, 1865-1871

• George B. McClellan

• George A. Porterfield

• Benjamin Kelley

• John J. Davis

• Christopher Q. Tompkins

• William Wing Loring

• Albert Gallatin Jenkins

• Rutherford B. Hayes

• William E. Jones

• John D. Imboden

• David Hunter Strother

• Arthur Boreman

• Wiliam H. H. Flick

• William E. Stevenson

• Battle of Philippi

• occupation of the Kanawha Valley

• Jones-Imboden raids

• Droop Mountain

• Eastern Panhandle

• Confederate disfranchisement

• Test Oath Amendment

• Flick Amendment

• 1872 Constitution

• Lizzie Grant

Study Questions:

• What were the Union's military objectives in western Virginia? How were they implemented, and what were the results? What was the Confederate military strategy? How did Union and Confederate leaders compete for the loyalties of the West Virginians? What were the military turning points in West Virginia?

• What were the crucial issues facing the first West Virginia legislature? What cultural differences among the West Virginians are noted in this section? How did the Boreman administration seek to control postwar instability?

• What political disabilities were placed on ex-Confederates and why were they imposed? What was political the status of African Americans? Of former Confederates? What national matters affected voting rights in West Virginia? How and why were political proscriptions removed?